FAQs

My eggs

What is AMH and why is it important and how do I find out my level?

AMH is a hormone produced by cells in the ovaries. AMH levels in the blood can help doctors to estimate the number of follicles in the ovaries, giving an estimate of your ovarian reserve. AMH levels stay fairly stable throughout the menstrual cycle, therefore the blood test can be performed at any time.

AMH levels decrease as you age and give an indication of how well you might respond to ovarian stimulation, thus helping to determine the optimal dose of FSH in a stimulation cycle.

AMH does not tell us how fertile you are. You can still ovulate normally and release healthy eggs even though the AMH is low, however, if the AMH level is declining rapidly this suggests that you are heading for a relatively early menopause.

Why is there no test for egg quality?

Egg quality is closely related to embryo quality. Good quality embryos have a better chance of implanting and creating healthy babies. Poor quality eggs are also likely to have abnormal numbers of chromosomes (aneuploidy).

The egg cell is the largest cell in the human body they contain half the genetic information of the new embryo. The other half comes from the sperm. 

Once the egg is fertilised by the sperm the genetic material is complete and the single cell resulting then begins a process of division and differentiation, becoming a blastocyst after around 5 days. All of the energy and programming for this process is contained in the egg cell. As eggs age the quality tends to deteriorate, either because the egg’s age, or due to environmental influences to which they are exposed during your lifetime. The best quality eggs tend to be released earlier than poorer quality eggs.

Many people tend to interpret chromosomal abnormality as a marker of egg quality

Is IVF with frozen eggs as successful as using fresh eggs?

Research suggests that eggs frozen by vitrification in a high-quality lab appear to have a potential to produce a healthy pregnancy equivalent to fresh eggs when they are thawed. Laboratories have such confidence in vitrification that almost all donor cycles in the US use frozen-thawed eggs.

Published data relating to pregnancy rates using frozen-thawed eggs do not easily distinguish between egg frozen by the slow freeze method compared with vitrification.

When women freeze their eggs to preserve their fertility, they typically wait several years before using them. As a result, there are not yet many high-quality studies reporting large-scale results.

Can I improve the quality of my eggs?

Your eggs are the largest cells in your body. They contain all the nutrients and energy necessary to support the embryo from the stage of fertilisation through to implantation around 6-7 days later.

As such they are more susceptible to vitamin and mineral deficiencies than many other cells. There have been a number of studies suggesting benefits to fertility from supplementing your diet with some vitamins and minerals. More information can be found in our wellness programme for information.

Egg freezing

How does the egg freezing process work?

Egg cells are the largest cells in the body and contain mostly water. Water expands to form ice crystals which will damage the cells and so the water must be replaced by cryoprotectants which do not expand.

Once the water has been replaced, the eggs are flash frozen to -273C in liquid nitrogen, a process called vitrification.

This is a relatively recent development in freezing technique and appears to be more effective than slow freezing which was used previously because it reduces the chance of damage to the egg, leading to higher rates of egg survival after freezing and thawing and better overall egg freezing success rates.

How successful is egg freezing?

The evidence suggests that the earlier you freeze your eggs the better chance of a successful pregnancy. Reports and statistics on success rates have been reported by the HFEA, however, as the procedure is still relatively new, there is not enough detailed data, to assess which procedures were carried out by clients between the ages of 25-35 years, and the data do not distinguish between eggs frozen

using the vitrification and slow freezing techniques. At Ice Fertility, our focus is on treating women in this age group, as we want to ensure the procedure is successful and delivers the best results. Our fertility calculator uses published data from a number of different studies to try to give you an indication of the number of eggs you should freeze in order to give yourself an 80% chance of having a child if you need to use the eggs at some time in the future.

How many eggs do I need to freeze?

This depends on your age. The older you are, the more eggs you will need to have a safe chance of having a baby. 

Our unique fertility calculator will be able to give you a good indication of the likely number of eggs we will be able to retrieve per cycle, and how many eggs you need to have an 80% chance of having at least one child if you need to use the eggs in the future.

Can I do multiple egg freezing cycles back to back?

It is possible to do cycles back to back, however, we recommend a month off between each cycle.

Does stimulation use up my eggs more quickly causing an earlier menopause?

No. Each month a few tens or hundreds of eggs begin the maturation process, normally resulting in just one egg being released.

The hormone injections allow more of these eggs to reach maximum maturity and make them available for collection. You do not lose any more eggs than you would do in a normal cycle. For similar reasons, being on the pill does not save your eggs or prolong your fertility.

Medication

How will I feel during my hormone injections? Are there any side effects for medications used during the procedure?

The only adverse effect that you will have during stimulation is that your oestrogen levels will rise and your ovaries will become rather swollen. The ovaries will be tender and sensitive to movement.

You should therefore avoid high impact activities such as running and contact sports over the last few days of stimulation and a few days after egg collection. The high oestrogen levels may make you feel a little hormonal. This can cause some breast tenderness, fluid retention and make you emotional.

Additionally, the injection site could become sore, red, or slightly bruised. If this happens inject the hormones in a different part of your body, until it settles.

Egg retrieval procedure

What happens during the egg retrieval process?

Eggs are collected using a transvaginal ultrasound probe the same as is used for monitoring your response to stimulation. A fine needle is introduced along a biopsy guide and aspirates the fluid out of the ovarian follicles.

The whole process is no more invasive than having a blood sample drawn from your arm and usually takes no more than 15 minutes. However, as there are important structures close by, it is important you keep very still during the procedure and we recommend mild sedation whilst it is performed. For this reason, you will need to be escorted home after the procedure,
You’ll know the results of the egg retrieval process right away.
Immediately after the egg retrieval, the embryologist, an expert in the science of oocyte cryopreservation will rinse, incubate, and prep your eggs for freezing in the lab.

Will it be painful after the procedure?

Most people don’t experience significant pain or discomfort after the egg collection. You may feel sore after the procedure, but it won’t last long. Sometimes there is minor bleeding into the ovary.

This takes a little longer to resolve and may feel like an internal bruising. You should rest if this happens since movement will make the pain worse.

If you experience any excessive bleeding or discomfort following the operation, contact the clinic which carried out the procedure immediately.

When will my period return after an egg retrieval process?

You will have a period between one and two weeks after the collection.

This likely to be heavier than usual due to the stimulation. If you have a regular period, you can expect to get your next period at the same time as your normal cycle – i.e. 28-30 days after the withdrawal bleed following stimulation.

Storage

How long can my eggs be frozen and stored for?

There is no scientific reason why your eggs cannot be frozen indefinitely.

The health or viability of frozen eggs will not decrease over time. However, the legal time limit for egg storage in the UK is 10 years. There is a strong lobby to extend this timeframe as more people are starting to freeze their eggs at a younger age.

How much does storage cost?

We provide packages for storage costs and we can advise you on what is the most appropriate package.

It is helpful at this point, to consider how long you think you want to keep your eggs frozen and then we can help you review your long-term egg freezing storage options.

What happens if I don’t use my eggs? Can I donate them?

Yes, eggs can be donated for medical research purposes.

If you want to have the option to donate your eggs to a third-party additional blood tests will be required at the start of the process. Our consultants will provide more information on this at the registration phase.